Run the tests behind every diagnosis
Clinical Laboratory Science prepares you to perform and interpret the lab work that drives medical decisions — hematology, microbiology, immunohematology, clinical chemistry. The bachelor’s-level Medical Laboratory Scientist credential opens hospital and reference-lab roles with a clear pay step above the associate’s technician track.
- Schools offering
- 299
- Annual completions
- 3,097
- Typical degree level
- Associate's + Bachelor's
- Median earnings (5yr)
- $70k
About this major
Clinical Laboratory Science (CIP 51.1005), often listed as Medical Technology or Medical Technologist, is a bachelor’s-level allied-health major focused on the laboratory side of patient care. Coursework runs through hematology, clinical chemistry, microbiology, immunology, immunohematology, and molecular diagnostics, paired with quality assurance, instrumentation, and laboratory management. A clinical practicum at a hospital or reference lab is built into nearly every accredited program.
Graduates typically sit for the ASCP Board of Certification MLS exam to become a Medical Laboratory Scientist. That credential is what hospital and reference labs look for on the bench — running blood gases, typing units before transfusion, identifying bacterial isolates, validating molecular assays. The major is a strong fit for students who want a science-heavy degree with a defined certification finish line and a hospital-based career, but who don’t want the patient-contact intensity of nursing or the timeline of medical school.
The data packet shows roughly 299 colleges awarding credentials in this CIP family with about 3,097 completions per year. Bachelor’s graduates earn around $78K at five years out versus about $57K for associate’s graduates in the same CIP — a real premium tied to the higher-complexity testing MLS-level scientists are credentialed to perform versus what associate’s-level technicians handle under supervision.
Where this major leads
Occupations most often associated with this major, from the federal BLS+O*NET crosswalk. Job-growth projections and median wages are national.
| Occupation | Median wage | Job growth | Typical education |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health specialties teachers, postsecondary | $106k | +17.3% | Doctoral or professional degree |
Earnings at a glance
Median graduate earnings from the federal College Scorecard, 5 and 10 years out.
Median 5-year earnings
$70k
Associate's vs Bachelor's — early-career earnings
Associate's
$57k
Bachelor's
$78k
Who this major is for
The students who do well here usually land somewhere specific in their interests. They like wet-lab work, careful procedure, and the puzzle of figuring out what a result means before signing it out. They want a healthcare career without bedside patient contact as the daily core, and they like that the path has a defined credential — a NAACLS-accredited bachelor’s plus the ASCP MLS exam — rather than an open-ended graduate timeline. Steady hospital demand, documented workforce shortages, and the bachelor’s-vs-associate’s pay gap of roughly $20K in the packet make this a sensible undergraduate finish line for that profile.
The profile that struggles tends to look different. If hands-on lab labs feel tedious rather than absorbing, the curriculum will grind. If patient interaction is what draws you to healthcare, nursing or a related clinical role fits better — MLS work is mostly behind the bench. The associate’s-level MLT track (CIP 51.1004) is also a faster, cheaper route into the same general field; if cost and time-to-work matter more than scope and ceiling, that’s worth comparing seriously before committing to four years.
Top colleges for Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist
Ranked by annual completions at the associate's or bachelor's level — a proxy for program scale.
| College | Location | Assoc. | Bach. | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences | Little Rock, AR | 0 | 345 | 345 |
| University of Cincinnati-Main Campus | Cincinnati, OH | 0 | 156 | 156 |
| University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee | Milwaukee, WI | 0 | 112 | 112 |
| Michigan State University | East Lansing, MI | 0 | 71 | 71 |
| Winston-Salem State University | Winston-Salem, NC | 0 | 58 | 58 |
| University of North Dakota | Grand Forks, ND | 0 | 54 | 54 |
| California State University-Dominguez Hills | Carson, CA | 0 | 54 | 54 |
| Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center | Lubbock, TX | 0 | 48 | 48 |
| Austin Peay State University | Clarksville, TN | 0 | 47 | 47 |
| University of West Florida | Pensacola, FL | 0 | 47 | 47 |
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