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Concentration · CIP 48

Precision Production

Precision Production (CIP 48) covers instructional programs that train students to shape, join, cut, and fabricate metal, wood, and composite materials to exacting tolerances. Majors range from Welding Technology and CNC Machinist Technology to Cabinetmaking and Woodworking, united by a focus on hands-on craftsmanship and technical mastery. Students in this concentration learn to read blueprints, operate industrial machinery, and meet quality standards demanded by manufacturing, construction, and custom fabrication industries. With 384 colleges offering programs and roughly 5,400 completions per year, this is one of the more accessible skilled-trades concentrations, with most credentials earned at the certificate or associate degree level.

Majors
16
Colleges
391
Annual completions
5,578
Top career
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers
Majors in this concentration

Sorted by popularity

Welding Technology/Welder

Top career: Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

391 colleges · 3,888 completions/yr

Machine Tool Technology/Machinist

Top career: Machinists

164 colleges · 723 completions/yr

Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) Machinist Technology/CNC Machinist

Top career: Computer numerically controlled tool operators

72 colleges · 294 completions/yr

Machine Shop Technology/Assistant

Top career: Machinists

44 colleges · 120 completions/yr

Tool and Die Technology/Technician

Top career: Tool and die makers

24 colleges · 107 completions/yr

Metal Fabricator

Top career: Structural metal fabricators and fitters

10 colleges · 104 completions/yr

Cabinetmaking and Millwork

Top career: Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

19 colleges · 79 completions/yr

Sheet Metal Technology/Sheetworking

Top career: Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

17 colleges · 79 completions/yr

Ironworking/Ironworker

Top career: Foundry mold and coremakers

4 colleges · 48 completions/yr

Precision Production, Other

14 colleges · 48 completions/yr

Furniture Design and Manufacturing

Top career: Furniture finishers

5 colleges · 27 completions/yr

Precision Metal Working, Other

Top career: Metal workers and plastic workers, all other

11 colleges · 23 completions/yr

Wooden Boatbuilding Technology/Technician

Top career: Woodworkers, all other

1 colleges · 21 completions/yr

Precision Production Trades, General

6 colleges · 11 completions/yr

Boilermaking/Boilermaker

Top career: Boilermakers

1 colleges · 3 completions/yr

Woodworking, General

Top career: Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

5 colleges · 3 completions/yr
Section 9 · Frequently asked

Common questions

How do I choose between Welding Technology and CNC Machinist Technology?
Welding Technology is the more widely available option — all 384 colleges in this concentration offer it — and leads directly to a median wage of $51,000 per year for Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers. CNC Machinist Technology is offered at only 70 colleges but connects to Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators earning a median $49,970 and to the broader Machinists career at $56,150. If portability and quick program access matter most, welding wins. If you want to work with computer-controlled equipment and lean toward precision machining, CNC is the more specialized — and arguably more future-proof — path.
What do graduates from this concentration typically earn?
The median earnings across all Precision Production majors is approximately $40,025, but that figure is pulled down by entry-level positions and part-time work in the early career period. Top careers in this family pay considerably more: Machinists earn a median $56,150, Welders earn $51,000, and CNC Tool Operators earn $49,970. Students who complete credentials and enter full-time skilled manufacturing roles typically land well above the overall concentration median within a few years of graduation.
Which majors in this concentration are most common at the certificate level?
Most Precision Production programs are designed as certificates or short-term credentials rather than two- or four-year degrees. Welding Technology, Machine Shop Technology, and Sheet Metal Technology are all commonly offered as one-year or less-than-one-year certificates at community colleges and technical schools. The 384 colleges offering Welding Technology span community colleges, technical institutes, and career centers — the vast majority award certificates rather than associate degrees. If you want to enter the workforce quickly, certificate-only pathways in welding and basic machining are abundant.
What is the difference between Machine Tool Technology and CNC Machinist Technology?
Machine Tool Technology/Machinist (offered at 155 colleges, 713 completions) covers the full range of manual and semi-automatic machine operation, including lathes, mills, grinders, and drill presses. CNC Machinist Technology (70 colleges, 262 completions) focuses specifically on programming and operating computer-controlled cutting machines. In practice, many machinists learn both; however, the CNC-specific credential signals employer-ready fluency with G-code programming and CAM software, which is increasingly what advanced manufacturing facilities require. Starting salaries for CNC operators often match or exceed those for general machinists.
Are there niche programs in Precision Production worth considering?
Yes — several small programs serve industries with strong regional demand and low credential supply. Tool and Die Technology (24 colleges, 182 completions) feeds a skilled trade with historically high wages and chronic workforce shortages. Boilermaking (1 college, 10 completions) is one of the rarest credentials in the country, yet Boilermakers consistently rank among the highest-paid construction and manufacturing trades. Sheet Metal Technology (17 colleges, 96 completions) connects to union apprenticeships in commercial HVAC and construction. Small completion numbers mean less competition for jobs and apprenticeship slots in these specialties.
Is a four-year degree available in Precision Production?
Rarely. Precision Production is almost entirely a certificate and associate-degree concentration. The 5,400 annual completions across 16 majors are dominated by sub-baccalaureate credentials. Students who want a bachelor's-level manufacturing credential typically move into Industrial Technology, Manufacturing Engineering Technology, or similar programs in CIP families 15 or 58. For most Precision Production careers — including Machinists at $56,150 and Welders at $51,000 — a two-year or shorter credential is the standard hiring requirement, making a four-year degree unnecessary for direct career entry.