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Major · Health Professions

Clinical music for a credential-gated therapy career

Music Therapy trains you to use music systematically inside a clinical relationship — assessment, treatment plans, and evaluation alongside guitar, voice, and improvisation. Roughly 451 students complete the degree each year across 77 colleges, with bachelor’s graduates earning a median of $57,783 five years out.

Schools offering
77
Annual completions
451
Typical degree level
Bachelor's
Median earnings (5yr)
$56k

About this major

Music Therapy prepares you to apply music systematically inside a therapeutic relationship — addressing physical, cognitive, emotional, and social goals for clients ranging from premature infants to patients in palliative care. Coursework blends music theory, primary instrument, voice, piano, and guitar proficiency with biomedical sciences, abnormal psychology, human development, and the mechanics of patient assessment, treatment planning, and clinical documentation. Practicum hours begin early in the program and accumulate toward a 1,200-hour clinical internship at an AMTA-approved site, after which you sit for the CBMT board exam to earn the MT-BC credential.

The major rewards a specific blend of skills. Strong musicianship matters, but so does the patience to write SOAP notes, hold space for clients in distress, and design interventions that survive a hospital documentation review. You should enjoy improvising on guitar or piano, be willing to read research on dementia, autism, or trauma, and accept that the work is collaborative — music therapists almost always sit inside an interdisciplinary care team rather than working as solo artists.

The field is small but defined. Roughly 451 students complete the degree each year across 77 colleges, with Berklee, Montclair State, Utah State, Sam Houston State, Nazareth, Western Michigan, Georgia College, Arizona State, Eastern Michigan, and Louisville producing the largest cohorts. Bachelor’s graduates earn a median of $57,783 five years after graduation, and the field maps to the Therapists, all other BLS category at a $65,010 median wage with 11.5% projected growth.

Section 3 · Careers

Where this major leads

Occupations most often associated with this major, from the federal BLS+O*NET crosswalk. Job-growth projections and median wages are national.

Occupation Median wage Job growth Typical education
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary $106k +17.3% Doctoral or professional degree
Therapists, all other $65k +11.5% Bachelor's degree
Section 4 · Earnings

Earnings at a glance

Median graduate earnings from the federal College Scorecard, 5 and 10 years out.

Median 5-year earnings

$56k

Associate's vs Bachelor's — early-career earnings

Associate's

$46k

Bachelor's

$58k

Who this major is for

You may thrive here if you carry strong musicianship across at least two of voice, piano, and guitar and want to translate it into clinical work, you are drawn to populations like NICU infants, dementia patients, autism services, or trauma survivors and want a degree that maps to those settings, you can sit with a 1,200-hour internship and a CBMT board exam between you and your first paying job, you read the $57,783 five-year median earnings as a fair starting wage for a bachelor’s-level clinical career, and you are open to a master’s — MMT or MA — for advanced practice and supervisory roles.

Think twice if you want a quick credential without external gatekeeping; the AMTA program approval, 1,200-hour internship, and CBMT exam are non-negotiable, and graduating from a non-AMTA program disqualifies you from the board entirely. Reconsider if you want the autonomy and reimbursement structure of physical or occupational therapy, since music therapy is mostly facility-employed or private-pay and CMS coverage remains limited. A music performance degree (CIP 50.0901) is the wrong substitute if clinical practice is the goal, and Occupational Therapy (CIP 51.2306) or Therapeutic Recreation (CIP 51.2307) may fit better if a different therapeutic toolkit appeals to you.

Section 6 · Where to study

Top colleges for Music Therapy/Therapist

Ranked by annual completions at the associate's or bachelor's level — a proxy for program scale.

College Location Assoc. Bach. Total
Berklee College of Music Boston, MA 0 29 29
Montclair State University Montclair, NJ 0 20 20
Utah State University Logan, UT 0 17 17
Sam Houston State University Huntsville, TX 0 15 15
Nazareth University Rochester, NY 0 15 15
Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, MI 0 14 14
Georgia College & State University Milledgeville, GA 0 13 13
Arizona State University Campus Immersion Tempe, AZ 0 13 13
Eastern Michigan University Ypsilanti, MI 0 12 12
University of Louisville Louisville, KY 0 11 11

Considering this direction?

We've taken a hard look at the debt, earnings trajectory, and degree-level tradeoffs for the Music Therapy/Therapist field. Read our verdict before you commit.

Is Music Therapy/Therapist worth it? Read verdict
Section 9 · Frequently asked

Common questions

What do Music Therapy majors actually study day-to-day?
You split time between a music school workload — primary instrument, voice, piano proficiency, guitar, percussion, improvisation, and music theory — and a clinical curriculum drawn from psychology, anatomy, abnormal psychology, and human development. Lab-style coursework drills assessment, treatment planning, documentation, and evidence-based interventions for populations from NICU infants to dementia patients. Practicum placements start early, and the degree culminates in a 1,200-hour clinical internship at an AMTA-approved site.
Do I need a bachelor’s, or is an associate’s enough for Music Therapy?
An AMTA-approved bachelor’s is the minimum credential and the only path to sit for the CBMT board exam that produces the MT-BC certification. The packet shows the major reported almost entirely at the bachelor’s level, with 77 colleges granting degrees and no meaningful associate’s pipeline. An associate’s in music can transfer into a four-year music-therapy track, but it does not, on its own, qualify you to practice.
What is the MT-BC credential and why does it matter so much?
MT-BC stands for Music Therapist - Board Certified, awarded by the Certification Board for Music Therapists after you pass the CBMT exam. Hospitals, school districts, hospice agencies, and Veterans Affairs facilities use MT-BC as the practical hiring standard. Graduating from a non-AMTA-approved program means you cannot sit for the exam, so program accreditation matters more than US News rank when you choose a school.
What kinds of jobs do Music Therapy graduates end up in?
Most MT-BCs work in hospitals — NICU, oncology, rehab, palliative care — psychiatric units, special-education classrooms, autism-services agencies, hospice and nursing homes, addiction-recovery programs, and Veterans Affairs medical centers. The data packet maps the field to the broader Therapists, all other category at a $65,010 median wage with 11.5% projected growth. Postsecondary teaching at $105,620 appears in the packet but requires a doctorate and a research record.
Do I need a master’s in Music Therapy?
The bachelor’s plus MT-BC opens entry-level clinical work, but a master’s — MMT or MA at programs like Berklee, Temple, NYU Steinhardt, Drexel, Sam Houston State, Kansas, Florida State, Western Michigan, and Colorado State — is the path to advanced credentials such as Neurologic Music Therapy or the Bonny Method, supervisory roles, and college teaching. Some states layer additional license requirements on top, and New York reads music therapy through its LCAT (Creative Arts Therapy) license. Treat the bachelor’s as the clinical entry credential and the master’s as the ceiling-raiser.
How does this differ from Occupational Therapy, Therapeutic Recreation, or a music performance degree?
Occupational Therapy (CIP 51.2306) now requires a master’s or doctorate to practice and uses a different OT-credential through NBCOT. Therapeutic Recreation (CIP 51.2307) leads to the NCTRC CTRS credential and addresses leisure and community-engagement outcomes rather than musical interventions. A music performance degree (CIP 50.0901) prepares you to perform or teach music, not to deliver clinical care, and it does not qualify you for MT-BC.